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"Kraak" porcelain, a term referring to a type of late Ming blue and white ware produced for export to Europe and other regions, is characterized by its distinct panelled designs, compartmentalized decorative elements, and intricate patterns. These pieces are an important element in understanding the role of Chinese pottery in international trade. Kraak porcelain was primarily produced at Jingdezhen and was designed to meet the demands of overseas markets, often in large quantities and with designs that were especially popular in different regions of the world. The characteristic panelled designs of Kraak porcelain often included geometric patterns, floral motifs, and symbolic imagery, often within repeated borders. The influence of Kraak porcelain on European ceramics, particularly in the Netherlands and England, is undeniable, demonstrating the cultural impact of these exported pieces. The influence of these pieces can still be seen in pottery designs throughout the West. Kraak porcelain demonstrates the interconnectedness of trade, culture, and artistic traditions during the late Ming Dynasty, and their production and global dissemination represent a key moment in the history of Chinese pottery production. |
Tag : Ming Kraak porcelain, Chinese export ware, blue white pottery, panelled design, international trade
While Buddhism was a major influence, Daoist symbolism also appeared on some Ming Dynasty ceramics, reflecting the influence of this ancient Chinese philosophy on daily life. The Daoist symbols that appear on these pieces are an important aspect of the overall visual language that was being used during this time.
While we’ve discussed Song influence, let's focus on the specific ways that forms from the Song Dynasty were adapted into Ming ceramics. Ming potters often drew inspiration from classic Song forms, such as the "meiping" vase, "yuhuchun" vases and various types of bowls and dishes, often incorporating these into new and unique types of Ming ceramic pieces.
The Ming Dynasty, despite its focus on continuity with earlier traditions, also saw significant innovations in ceramic production, leading to the development of new techniques, materials, and decorative styles that would shape the future of Chinese porcelain. The legacy of these pieces is still visible today and these show the innovative spirit of the Ming potters who created them.
While blue and white dominated, the Ming Dynasty also saw the development and refinement of "five-color" wares (wucai), which employed a range of vibrant overglaze enamels, including red, green, yellow, and aubergine, often used in combination with underglaze blue. These pieces demonstrate a more colourful and decorative style of pottery production that became increasingly popular during this period.
Ming Dynasty monochrome glazes, including sacrificial red, celadon, yellow, and white, showcase the technical skill and aesthetic sensibility of potters through single-color applications, often used for ritual and imperial wares.